We configure the kernel cmdline using extlinux.conf on the Nova to specify various parameters, such as the root partition, console settings, and other boot options, allowing us to customize the kernel's behavior during startup and ensure the system functions correctly.
Open the extlinux.conf file: This file is usually located in the /boot/extlinux/ directory. You can use a text editor such as nano to open the file.
sudo nano /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
Add or modify the append line: Each kernel entry has an append line that specifies the kernel cmdline parameters. Add or modify this line to include your desired parameters. It usually looks like this:
Do not remove
root=PARTUUID=unless you know what you are doing!
APPEND earlyprintk console=tty1 console=ttyS0,115200n8 console=both rw root=PARTUUID=755e0049-2561-4691-b5e0-00d8199b585e rootwait rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes loglevel=1 net.ifnames=0 rootflags=data=writeback init=/sbin/init
In this example, we added rw to mount the root partition as read-write, and console=tty1 console=ttyS0,115200n8 to set up the console devices.
Save the changes and exit the editor, press Ctrl+s to save the file, then press Ctrl+x to exit.
Reboot your nova using either the GUI or by typing:
sudo reboot